Cervical hydrops, what's that

A 35 year old female patient with history of feeling of bloated abdomen with discomfort. 

She has 2 children delivered by cesarean section and currently tested negative for pregnancy. 

History of scanty menses last time. 

Ultrasound images show these findings:

What are the sonographic findings?

There's obviously a fluid-filled cervix. The distended cervical canal measures 4 x 2 x 1.5 cms. There's also some extension of the collection into the lower uterus. 

Details are below:

The term for a cervical canal distended with fluid is cervical hydrops. It is a condition in which there is an accumulation of fluid in the cervical canal. This can be caused by a number of factors, including:

Cervical stenosis: This is a narrowing of the cervical canal that can make it difficult for fluid to drain from the uterus. This is the most likely diagnosis in this patient. 

Infection: An infection in the cervix or uterus can also cause fluid to build up.

Endometriosis: This is a condition in which tissue that normally lines the uterus grows outside of the uterus. This can also cause fluid to build up in the cervical canal.

Tumor: A tumor in the cervix or uterus can also cause fluid to build up.

What are the common symptoms of cervical hydrops?

Cervical hydrops is often asymptomatic, but it can sometimes cause symptoms such as:

Vaginal discharge: The discharge may be clear, white, or bloody.

Pain: The pain may be mild or severe.

Pressure: There may be a feeling of pressure in the pelvis.

Bloating of abdomen feeling. 

Final diagnosis: cervical hydrops with mild hydrometra (fluid in endometrial cavity).

The likely etiology in this case is cervical stenosis. Cervical stenosis is a narrowing of the cervical canal, which is the opening at the bottom of the uterus. This can cause a buildup of fluid in the uterus, which can lead to a bulky uterus. The normal endometrium and the absence of a mass in the cervix suggest that the stenosis is not caused by a tumor or other growth.

Here are some other possible causes of cervical stenosis:

* Infection: Cervical stenosis can be caused by an infection, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea.

* Surgery: Cervical stenosis can be a side effect of surgery, such as a hysterectomy or a cesarean section.

* Radiation therapy: Cervical stenosis can be a side effect of radiation therapy for cancer.

Management:

In most cases, cervical stenosis is not a cause for concern. It can be treated with medication or surgery. However, if cervical stenosis is causing symptoms or if there is a concern that it may be cancerous, it is important to have it treated.

Prognosis in this case:

The prognosis for cervical stenosis in a 35-year-old female is generally good. With treatment, most women are able to live normal, healthy lives.

The management of cervical stenosis in this case will depend on the severity of the stenosis and the symptoms that the woman is experiencing. If the stenosis is mild and the woman is not experiencing any symptoms, then no treatment may be necessary. However, if the stenosis is causing symptoms, then treatment may be necessary.

Treatment:

There are two main types of treatment for cervical stenosis:

Medication: Medications can be used to help relax the muscles in the cervix and widen the cervical canal. This can help to relieve symptoms and make it easier for menstrual blood to pass.

Surgery: Surgery can be used to widen the cervical canal. This is usually done by inserting a dilator into the cervix and gradually widening it over time. In some cases, a small incision may be made in the cervix to widen it.

The type of treatment that is best for a woman will depend on the severity of her stenosis and her individual preferences.

Here are some of the things that a 35-year-old female can do to manage cervical stenosis:

Take medications: medications to help relax the muscles in the cervix, it is important to take them as prescribed.

Use dilators. If the doctor prescribes dilators, it is important to use them regularly. This will help to keep the cervical canal widened and prevent the stenosis from getting worse.

Avoid activities that put pressure on the cervix. Activities such as heavy lifting and vigorous exercise can put pressure on the cervix and make the symptoms worse.

For more info on this visit:

Ultrasound imaging of the uterus